Sunday, October 18, 2015

Paying for Children’s Respiratory Health with Energy/Air Quality Retrofits

We as Americans have a childhood medical crisis on our hands.  6.8 million, or 9.8% of American kids have asthma.  Each year they make 14.2 million visits to their physician with asthma as the primary diagnosis.  Every year these children make 1.8 million visits to emergency departments with asthma as primary diagnosis. The number of discharges with asthma as first-listed diagnosis is 439,000 with an average length of stay of 3.6 days. (Centers for Disease Control and Prevention) A key trigger for childhood asthma is mold.  

This is a critical component in a 2012 study from New Zealand.  This study shows how energy improvements in housing, and especially to low income housing, have medical health savings that save as much money as the entire lifetime of project energy savings.  Meaning, that human health is the real economic driver of the project. 

Example: When energy upgrades happen, air leaks get sealed up and continuous fresh air ventilation becomes mandatory. This is often achieved with something as simple as advanced bathroom fans. The air quality and warmth from the additional insulation and ventilation gets rid of the conditions that harbor mold; namely relative humidity above 50%.

For decades we’ve had had proof that energy efficiency in buildings improves worker productivity, lessens eye strain and headaches, improves student learning outcomes and contributes to selling more merchandise in retail. We know that workers in building that have had energy retrofits take fewer sick days off. The beneficial health side effects from the retrofits are freebies.  The investments in energy savings pay for them.

However, there is a new concept in how or who should pay for the energy upgrades; have a medical doctor prescribe it. The health inducing air-quality/comfort upgrade is worth more than the energy measures’s dollar savings. Energy savings become a side benefit of a more important  and valuable job; providing kids the ability to develop disease free lungs, lessening the percentage likelihood of asthma.

Larry Zarker, CEO of the Building Performance Institute, BPI was recently interviewed on Corbett  Lundfords’ Building Performance podcast. Mr. Zarker mentioned how the difference of being able to afford these energy/health upgrades can be life changing. People’s eyes often glaze over when they hear about the details of an energy assessment and subsequent comfort / efficiency upgrade. But, what does it mean to a parent who has a child with a respiratory ailment?

Zarker said, “This is exciting”.  He describes a girl with asthma is able to avoid on overnight stay at a hospital and make her Saturday soccer game with the rest of the team because her asthma is under control. This is because of the house she lives in now has fresh air ventilation, is warm and has no mold.

The bad alternative to this is a trip to the hospital. The medical bill for the overnight stay is $880. Avoiding four of those medical trips pays equals or exceeds the energy /air quality improvement lifetime dollar savings and changes a child’s life for the better. The home upgrade just doubled the value the energy investment that already made financial sense counting just energy.  Lundsford noted that this flips the real funding driver. Economic savings data says that health advocates like the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services or your local doctor should be the ones prescribing energy/air upgrades. So who should be paying for them? A utility sponsored program with State public benefits money or some form of medical insurance either personal or health insurance incentivized?

Sam Rashkin is the Chief Architect of the US Department of Energy Building Technologies Office. He is author of Retooling the U.S. Housing Industry. Rashkin has been educating American builders how to build Energystar program houses for decades.  These are houses that have offer a higher level of comfort and energy efficiency by way of a long checklist of higher standards, best practice standards of insulation levels, efficient heating, air conditioning and ventilation, air-tightness and high performance windows. The houses are subject to a number of HERS performance tests like duct leakage tests and blower door tests and room-by-room air flow tests. The houses are proven to function well and give the owners a lifetime of low energy bills.

Beyond EnergyStar for Buildings, the EPA has another home program called Indoor AirPLUS. This advanced home program builds upon Energystar 3.0 with checklists and details for moisture control, radon gas control, pest control, higher performing HVAC, control/avoidance of combustion pollution and indoor air pollution.  Like so many above-code construction programs such as LEED, Green Point Ratings, Passive House or the German Healthy house movement, the programs set a higher bar than to “the building code”, the worst house you can legally build.


In an interview, Rashkin was noting some of the people who move into new Indoor airPLUS houses have kids who use inhalers to control their asthma. He said that after a few months, the family often throws out the inhalers. "They just don’t need them anymore." 

George Matthews
Building Energy Compliance Testing
www.bect.us

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